Chapter 22: Transoceanic Encounters & Global Connections

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  • Key Concepts for this chapter
    • KC-4.1.III
      • New states-supported transoceanic maritime exploration occurred in this period
      • different from landed empires
    • KC-4.1.III.B
      • Originally Spanish: sponsorship of the voyages of Columbus & others dramatically increased European interest in Transoceanic travel & trade
    • KC-4.1.III.C
      • The English, French, & Dutch: began with the main goal of finding alternative sailing routes to Asia
        • Focused on the Northern Atlantic crossing
    • KC-4.1.III.A
      • The Portuguese development of maritime technology & navigational skills led to increased travel to & trade with Africa & Asia & resulted in the construction of a global trading-post empire
    • KC-4.1.II
      • Technology from the Classical, Islamic & Asian worlds spread, facilitating European technological developments & innovations
    • KC-4.1.II.A
      • New developments & productions in tools, innovation in ship designs, and an improved understanding of regional wind & current patterns made transoceanic travel possible
    • KC-4.1.III.ii
      • Arab traders continue to operate both over the land & within the Indian Ocean
    • KC-4.1.IV.C
      • Mercantilism policies & practices were used by European rules to expand & control their economies & claim overseas territories.
      • Joint-Stock companies, influenced by these mercantilist principles were used by rulers & merchants to finance exploration & were used by rulers to compete against one another in global trade
    • KC-4.3.II.A.iii
      • These was disruption in the Indian Ocean & SE Asia due to the arrival of the Portuguese, Spanish & Dutch. However, the trade existing trade networks continue to flourish
    • KC-4.1.V.i
      • The Columbian Exchange: The new connections between the Eastern and Western hemispheres resulted in the exchange of new plants, animals & diseases
    • KC-4.1.V.D
      • Transoceanic trade: Increases overall food supply
      • Afro-Eurasian population nutritionally benefited from the increased diversity of American foods
    • KC-4.1.V.C
      • Fruit trees, grains & sugar shared between the hemispheres impacted all places it went
    • KC-4.1.V.B
      • The spread of disease that were endemic in the Eastern Hemisphere

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